ChemistryStructure of atomClass 11
Atomic orbitals and quantum numbers: interactive simulation
n fixes the shell, l the subshell (0 = s, 1 = p, 2 = d), mₗ which orbital inside that subshell, and mₛ the spin. l cannot exceed n − 1, and mₗ runs from −l to +l.
Useful for: JEE Main, JEE Advanced, NEET, CBSE Boards
Try this
- 1
Set n = 2 and try to push l above 1.
What you should see
The slider stops at 1. A 2d orbital does not exist.
- 2
Set l = 1 and move mₗ through −1, 0 and +1.
What you should see
The lobe points along y, then z, then x.
Formulas behind it
Orbitals in a subshell
Electrons in a subshell
Common mistakes
- Allowing l = n, or mₗ outside −l…+l. Both are forbidden.
FAQ
How many electrons can a 3d subshell hold?
Ten. There are five d orbitals and each holds two electrons of opposite spin.
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