ChemistrySurface chemistryClass 12

Surface chemistry: interactive simulation

Freundlich adsorption keeps rising with pressure. Langmuir levels off at one full monolayer. A charged sol moves in an electric field; the direction names the charge.

Useful for: JEE Main, JEE Advanced, NEET, CBSE Boards · 2 modes in one lab

What you can explore

  1. 1

    Freundlich and Langmuir

    x/m against pressure. One curve saturates, the other does not.
  2. 2

    Tyndall and electrophoresis

    A light beam through a sol, and the electrode a charged particle moves toward.

Try this

  1. 1

    Raise the pressure to 8 atm.

    What you should see

    The Langmuir curve flattens near 1. The Freundlich curve is still climbing.

  2. 2

    Turn the beam on, then switch from As₂S₃ to Fe(OH)₃.

    What you should see

    The beam path is the Tyndall effect. The negative sol drifts to the anode; the positive sol drifts to the cathode.

Formulas behind it

Freundlich isotherm

xm=kP1/n\frac{x}{m} = k P^{1/n}

Langmuir isotherm

θ=KP1+KP\theta = \frac{KP}{1 + KP}

Common mistakes

  • Saying every adsorption isotherm has a monolayer limit. Only Langmuir does, among these two.
Stuck on a surface chemistry question?Snap it and get a whiteboard video solution.

FAQ

Which ion coagulates As₂S₃ sol most easily?

Al³⁺, because the sol is negative and the Hardy–Schulze rule favours the ion with the highest opposite charge.

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