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JEE MainChemistryToughAmines

Nitration of aniline in the strong acidic medium also gives m
-nitroaniline because
A In absence of substituents nitro group always goes to m- positions
B In spite of substituents nitro group always goes to only m -
positions
C In strong acidic medium aniline is present as anilinium ion
D In electrophilic substitution reactions amino group is meta
directive

Show answer and solution
Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium also gives
m-nitroaniline because in acidic (strong) medium aniline is present as
anilinium ion. Amino −NH2{- NH}_{2} group is ortho-para directing but
−NH3+{- NH}_{3}^{+} group is meta directing.
C6H5−NH2+H+⟶strong acidC6H5−NH3+⟶HNO3m−nitroanilineC_{6}H_{5} - {NH}_{2} + H^{+}\overset{strong\ acid}{\longrightarrow}C_{6}H_{5} - {NH}_{3}^{+}\overset{{HNO}_{3}}{\longrightarrow}m - nitroaniline

Source: Grass-G / CH-19 Chemistry Paper 28 Nov. Fourth.docx

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